“They cast out many demons, and anointed with oil many who were sick and cured them. -Mark 6:13

After his Resurrection, Jesus says that those who believed in him “will lay their hands on the sick, and they will recover.” -Mark 16:18

“Are any among you sick? He should call for the presbyters of the church, and they pray over him and anoint [him] with oil in the name of the Lord, and the prayer of the faith will save the sick person, and the Lord will raise him up. If he has committed any sins, he will be forgiven. ” -James 5:14-15

Who can administer Anointing of the Sick?
A priest administers this Sacrament to a baptized person.

Is Anointing of the Sick the same as Last Rites?
In the past, most people associated the Sacrament of the Anointing of the Sick as Last Rites or Extreme Unction. Unction means an anointing with oil (which is part of the sacrament), and extreme refers to the fact that the sacrament was usually administered in extremity - in other words, when the person receiving it was in grave danger of dying. In more recent times, the Church has stressed a secondary effect of the sacrament: to help a person recover his health.
 

When can/should I receive Anointing of the Sick? Although each case is unique, generally we recommend this Sacrament for anyone who is:

• Sick or in danger of death
• Preparing for surgery
• About to receive chemical or radiation therapies
• Preparing for any hospitalization
• Experiencing mental or spiritual sickness 
• Note: It is not necessary to wait until a person is on his or her deathbed to seek Anointing of the Sick; in this Sacrament, a person can experience the grace that comes with receiving the Sacrament which unites the sick person to Christ’s sufferings, gives strength, courage and peace to endure their suffering in a Christian way; and brings forgiveness of sins if the person is not able to receive the Sacrament of Confession.